Piles
Treatments
Piles
Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen and inflamed veins in the lower rectum and anus. They can develop internally, within the rectum (internal hemorrhoids), or externally, under the skin around the anus (external hemorrhoids). Hemorrhoids are a common condition and can occur due to various factors, including increased pressure in the veins of the rectum and anus, leading to swelling and stretching of the vein walls. Here's a detailed explanation:
Types of Hemorrhoids
Internal Hemorrhoids
Develop inside the rectum, where there are fewer pain-sensing nerves, so they may not cause symptoms initially.
Symptoms may include painless bleeding during bowel movements, protrusion of hemorrhoid tissue during bowel movements (prolapse), and anal itching or discomfort.
External Hemorrhoids
Form under the skin around the anus.
Symptoms may include painful swelling or lumps around the anus, anal itching or irritation, and discomfort or pain, especially during bowel movements.
Symptoms
Bleeding
Bright red blood on the toilet paper or in the toilet bowl during bowel movements is a common symptom of hemorrhoids.
Pain or Discomfort
Pain or discomfort may occur during bowel movements, especially with external hemorrhoids.
Itching or Irritation
Anal itching or irritation may result from the presence of hemorrhoids, especially external ones.
Swelling or Lumps
Swelling or lumps around the anus may be felt or observed, particularly with external hemorrhoids.
Prolapse
Internal hemorrhoids may protrude outside the anus during bowel movements and may require manual reduction.
Causes
Straining During Bowel Movements
Constipation, diarrhea, or prolonged sitting on the toilet can increase pressure on the veins in the rectum and anus, leading to hemorrhoid formation.
Pregnancy
Hormonal changes and increased pressure on the pelvic veins during pregnancy can predispose women to develop hemorrhoids.
Obesity
Excess body weight can increase abdominal pressure and strain on the veins, contributing to hemorrhoid development.
Chronic Constipation or Diarrhea
Irregular bowel habits can lead to increased straining during bowel movements, which can exacerbate hemorrhoids.
Heavy Lifting
Straining during heavy lifting can increase pressure in the abdomen and pelvic area, potentially leading to hemorrhoids.
Genetics
There may be a genetic predisposition to developing hemorrhoids, with a family history being a risk factor.
Treatment
Lifestyle Modifications
Increasing dietary fiber intake, drinking plenty of fluids, and establishing regular bowel habits can help prevent constipation and reduce the risk of hemorrhoids.
Topical Treatments
Over-the-counter creams, ointments, or suppositories containing ingredients such as hydrocortisone, witch hazel, or lidocaine can help relieve symptoms of itching, pain, and inflammation.
Sitz Baths
Soaking the anal area in warm water for 10 to 15 minutes several times a day can help soothe discomfort and promote healing of hemorrhoids.
Medical Procedures
If conservative measures fail to provide relief, medical procedures may be recommended, including rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, infrared coagulation, or hemorrhoidectomy (surgical removal of hemorrhoids).
Diagnosis
Physical Examination
A healthcare provider may visually inspect the anal area and perform a digital rectal examination to assess for hemorrhoids.
Anoscopy or Sigmoidoscopy
These procedures involve inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera (anoscope or sigmoidoscope) into the rectum to visualize internal hemorrhoids and assess the extent of the condition.
Colonoscopy
If bleeding is severe or if other conditions are suspected, a colonoscopy may be performed to examine the entire colon and rectum.
Prevention
Maintain a high-fiber diet and drink plenty of fluids to prevent constipation.
Avoid straining during bowel movements and prolonged sitting on the toilet.
Engage in regular physical activity to promote healthy bowel function.
Practice good hygiene and avoid excessive wiping or scratching of the anal area.